Chlorophyll pigments, extracted from the leaves, are separated by:
| 1. | paper chromatography |
| 2. | gel electrophoresis |
| 3. | enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay |
| 4. | evaporation followed by cooling |
| 1. | Chlorophyll a (bright or blue-green), chlorophyll b (yellow-green), xanthophylls (yellow), carotenoids (yellow to yellow-orange) |
| 2. | Chlorophyll a (yellow-green), chlorophyll b (bright or blue-green), xanthophylls (yellow to yellow-orange), carotenoids (yellow) |
| 3. | Chlorophyll a (yellow to yellow-orange), chlorophyll b (yellow), xanthophylls (bright or blue-green), carotenoids (yellow-green) |
| 4. | Chlorophyll a (yellow), chlorophyll b (yellow to yellow-orange), xanthophylls (yellow-green), carotenoids (bright or blue-green) |
| 1. | Chlorophyll molecules, reaction centre, and light-harvesting complex |
| 2. | ATP synthase, electron carriers, and NADPH |
| 3. | Carbohydrate molecules, thylakoid lumen, and oxygen |
| 4. | Stroma enzymes, plastids, and ribosomes |
| 1. | split water and release oxygen to the reaction-center chlorophyll |
| 2. | harvest photons and transfer light energy to the reaction-center chlorophyll |
| 3. | synthesize ATP from ADP and Pi |
| 4. | transfer electrons to ferredoxin and then NADPH |
Energy is transferred from the light reaction step to the dark reaction step by
1. chlorophyll
2. ADP
3. ATP
4. RuBP